HIGH WIND IN CHINA 中国可再生能源之风力发电市场现状分析
发布时间：2007-8-8 13:1
China's renewable energy mandates motivate huge growth in its wind energy market, spurring production of composite components on the Chinese mainland.中国的可再生能源激励任务大幅度增长,其风力发电市场刺激生产的复合材料零部件,对中国内地.
Source: REpower来源:热力
Although China has lagged behind the rest of the world in wind turbine size/ power-generating capacity, Chinese turbine producer DFSTW , Germany-based technology partner REpower and the Chinese city of Qingdao recently signed a memorandum of understanding to build one of the first offshore wind farms in China, a demonstration project that will feature five 5-MW turbines like the one pictured.虽然中国已经落后于世界各地的风力大小/发电能力,中国汽轮机制造汽轮机,德国的技术合作伙伴,热力和中国青岛市近日签订了一项谅解备忘录,以建立一第一离岸风力农场,在中国,一个示范项目,将推出五项5兆瓦汽轮机像一个幻想.
Currently the sixth-largest wind energy market in the world, with close to 2,620 MW of installed capacity, China also ranks fifth in the amount of wind power generating capacity installed in 2006, adding more than 1,370 MW of new capacity.目前第六大风力发电场之一,在全球拥有近2,620兆瓦的装机容量,中国还排名第五的数额风力发电装置容量在2006年加入超过1,370兆瓦的新的能力. Although that represents half of the capacity installed in the U.S. during the same period, it also accounts for less than 1 percent of China’s annual demand for electricity.虽然这代表着一半的容量,安装在美国在同一时期,还占不到1%,我国每年的电力需求. China, in fact, is second only to the U.S. as a consumer of electricity and has the fastest growing energy demand in the world.中国,在事实上,是仅次于美国作为一个消费者供电,并已最快的能源需求的增长世界. That leaves room for huge growth in wind energy.这留下了巨大的增长,风能.
Determined to reduce its dependence on coal and imported oil, China’s centralized government enacted the Renewable Energy Law (effective Jan. 1, 2006), which mandates that at least 5 percent of electricity must be generated from renewable sources by 2010 and 10 percent by 2020.决心减少依赖煤炭和石油进口的,中国的中央集权政府制定了可再生能源法(2006年1月1日)任务中,至少有5%的电力必须来自可再生能源,到2010年10%2020. To meet that goal, China must have 30,000 MW (or 30 gigawatts) of wind power capacity by 2020, which translates into roughly 2,100 MW installed per year for the next 13 years.要实现这一目标,中国必须拥有30,000兆瓦(或30千瓦)风力发电能力到2020年,其中化为大约2,100兆瓦装置每年为未来13年. Further, the law requires that 70 percent of China’s wind power components be sourced locally by 2010, and it offers financial incentives, including a national fund intended to foster development of renewable energy as well as discounted lending and tax relief.此外,法律规定,中国70%以上的风力发电部件将在当地采购2010年它提供财政诱因,包括国家基金,旨在促进可再生能源的发展,以及折扣优惠和税务减免. Given this encouragement, analysts such as Credit Suisse forecast that wind power capacity in China will grow 39 percent annually from 2004 to 2010 and 20 percent annually from 2010 to 2020.鉴于这种鼓励,分析家例如瑞士信贷银行预测,风力发电能力将增长39%,每年从2004年到2010年百分之二十的速度递增,由2010年至2020年. According to industry estimates in 2006, China will spend $200 billion (USD) on renewable energy during that period.据业内人士估计,2006年,中国将耗资200亿(美元),可再生能源在这期间.
China’s renewable energy mandate has dramatically changed the country’s wind energy landscape.我国可再生能源的任务,大大改变了我国风能景观. At the end of 2000, there were roughly 10 wind turbine manufacturers in China, but only five produced turbines of 600 kW or greater.截至2000年底,共有大约10个风力涡轮机制造商在中国,但只有5个风力涡轮机生产的600千瓦或更大. By late 2006, however, there were more than 30 turbine manufactur-ers — 24 domestic and at least seven foreign either producing or preparing to produce turbine components on Chinese soil.2006年年底,但共有30多名汽轮机制造商-培训-24国内至少有七名外籍要么生产或准备生产汽轮机部件在中国的大地上. Given the demand for electric power and Beijing’s incentives, experts believe the number of players will continue to increase.由于对电力的需求和北京的诱因,专家认为,一些球员将继续增加.
Although they are more numerous, Chinese companies initially lagged behind foreign-based manufacturers, producing less than a quarter of China’s installed turbines, in part because domestic manufacturers have been slower to ramp up to utility-scale (1 MW or larger) turbines.虽然他们是多不胜数,中国公司在最初落后于国外的厂商,产不足一个季度,中国安装涡轮机,部分原因是因为国内厂商已经慢坡道高达事业规模(1兆瓦或较大)的涡轮. Also, domestic turbines usually featured fixed-pitch, constant-speed control systems, which are less efficient than the variable-pitch, variable-speed control systems now common in the West.而且,国内通常涡轮精选固定摊位,恒速度控制系统,该系统的效率比可变螺距,变速控制系统,目前常见于西方.
Technology Acquisitions and Joint Ventures科技收购,合资合作
To close the technology gap, many Chinese manufacturers have acquired foreign technology, either by purchasing production licenses from or by forming joint ventures/cooperative agreements with major turbine producers.关闭的技术差距,许多中国制造商收购外国技术,要么通过购买生产许可证或者通过组建合资/合作协定汽轮机主要生产者. Although licenses commonly give Chinese companies more control, the most accessible technology is usually somewhat outdated.虽然执照普遍给予中国公司更大的控制权,最方便的技术,通常是有点过时. Cooperative development, by con-trast, grants domestic turbine manufacturers access to newer designs and the right to manu-facture turbines locally, albeit with greater foreign involvement.合作社的发展,由切面,助学金涡轮国内厂商获得新的设计权和马努-折断轮机本地尽管更多外商参与.
Early domestic players were sometimes the result of “arranged marriages.” China’s former State Development and Planning Commission’s (SDPC) 1997 “Ride the Wind Program,” for example, encouraged the import of wind power technology to kick-start domestic turbine manufacturing.早期国内球员,有时是因为"包办婚姻"中国原国家发展计划委员会(国家计委)1997年"坐风计划",例如,鼓励进口,风力发电技术,以启动国内汽轮机制造业等. The program spawned two joint ventures (JVs); these started with a 20 percent local content requirement, with a goal to increase to 80 percent as experience allowed.节目引起了两个合资企业(合资企业);这些开始,以20%的当地含量的要求,同一个目标,以提高至80%作为经验容许的.
Source: Nordex来源:nordex
Nordex produces wind blades using a resin-infused sandwich construction.nordex产生风力叶片用树脂灌注夹层施工. Blades are fabricated at its Rostock, Germany facility and in China, at its Dongying, Shandong Province, facility.叶片装配在罗斯托克,德国设施,在中国,在山东省东营,设施. Here, a Rostock technician lays up Gurit Corecell foam core, which is supplied already cut and kitted.在这里,罗斯托克技术员奠定了guritcorecell泡沫核心,即供应已经削减和用具.
The first JV, Yituo-MADE (Luoyang) Wind Turbine Co. (Luoyang, Henan Province), was formed by Spain-based MADE Renewable Technology and Luoyang-based China YiTuo Group.第一个合资企业,在实际制作(洛阳)风力发电有限公司(河南洛阳),是由西班牙的发可再生能源技术和洛阳为本,中国在实际组. By 2000, the company was producing 330-kW and 660-kW turbines, with the latter 60 percent locally sourced.到2000年,该公司生产的330千瓦和660千瓦的风力涡轮机,后者60%的本地原材料. Yituo-MADE, is now defunct and MADE filed for bankruptcy in 2003 and was bought by Spanish turbine manufacturer Gamesa Eólica SA (Victoria, Spain).在实际的,现在已经不存在了申请破产,在2003年购买了由西班牙制造涡轮艾维斯eólica飒(维多利亚,西班牙). The second JV, Xi’an Nordex Wind Turbine Co. Ltd. (Xi’an, Shaanxi Province), was a 40/60 arrangement between Nordex (Norderstedt, Germany) and Xi’an Aero-Engine Group, which produced a 600-kW wind turbine.第二个合资企业,西安nordex风力发电有限公司(西安,陕西省),这是一个40/60关系的安排nordex(norderstedt,德国),西安航空发动机集团,探索出了一条600千瓦的风力涡轮机.
Both JVs met with limited success in part because the selected Chinese aerospace industry companies had little experience or interest in manufacturing turbines.双方合资会见了有限的成功,部分是因为选定的中国航天工业公司,没有什么经验或兴趣在制造涡轮机. Xi’an Nordex, however, remains active, producing both 600-kW and 250-kW turbines, with a capacity of between 150 and 250 units annually.nordex西安,但依然活跃,既生产600千瓦至250千瓦的风力涡轮机,一座容量为150至250个单位左右.
Among the original group of domestic producers, Goldwind Science and Technology Co. Ltd. (Urumqi, Xinjiang Province) is China’s oldest, largest and most experienced manufacturer.除原有的77条国内生产者,goldwind科技有限公司(新疆乌鲁木齐省),是中国最早的,全球最大和最有经验的厂商. Goldwind’s 20 percent share of the Chinese market in 2005 has grown, some sources say, to as much as 40 percent, thanks not only to the Renewable Energy Law’s local-content mandate but its early push to produce turbines of 1.5 MW and larger, as well.goldwind的20%份额的中国市场在2005年有所增长,但有消息说,高达40%,致谢,不仅对可再生能源法的当地含量的任务,但其早日推动涡轮产生1.5兆瓦而面积较大,等.
Goldwind was founded in 1997 when Urumqi-based parent company Xinjiang Wind Energy Co. Ltd. bought a license to manufacture 600-kW wind turbines from Jacobs Energie GmbH, now part of global turbine manufacturer REpower Systems AG (Hamburg, Germany).goldwind创立于1997年,乌鲁木齐市的母公司新疆风能有限公司买了许可证生产600千瓦风力发电从雅各布能源股份有限公司,现已成为全球制造汽轮机热力系统银(德国汉堡). Goldwind turbines are 90 percent locally produced, including the rotor blades, which are supplied to Goldwind by Zhonghang (Baoding) Huiteng Windpower Equipment Co. Ltd. (Baoding, China).goldwind轮机90%本地出产,其中包括转子叶片这是供应给goldwind由陈忠(保定)辉腾风能设备有限公司(保定,中国).
Source: Nordex来源:nordex
Goldwind first licensed REpower’s 48-kW to 750-kW turbine technology in 2002 and then acquired a license in 2003 from Vensys Energiesysteme GmbH (Saarbrücken, Germany) for its Vensys 62 1.2-MW turbine (62m/205-ft rotor diameter).goldwind第一家热力的48千瓦至750千瓦的涡轮技术,2002年便获得了许可,2003年vensys戊烷GmbH公司(吕肯,德国),供其vensys62120兆瓦汽轮机(62m/205-ft转子直径). When Vensys developed a low wind speed version with a larger 64m/211-ft diameter rotor that increased output to 1.5 MW, Goldwind acquired the license for that turbine as well and is currently working with Vensys to produce 2.0-MW and 2.5-MW turbines.当vensys制定了风速低版本有较大64m/211-ft转子直径增加产量到150兆瓦,goldwind收购许可证,汽轮机,并正与vensys生产2.0兆瓦和2.5兆瓦轮机. Goldwind hopes to begin manufacture this year and will supply offshore wind farms.goldwind希望开始生产,今年可供应离岸风力农场. Its 2006 production goal — collective turbine capacity of 300 MW to 400 MW — was doubled for 2007.其2006年的生产目标--集体机组容量为300兆瓦至400兆瓦增加了一倍,为2007年.
Goldwind recently beat out foreign and domestic competitors to win the contract for 33 wind turbines (1.5-MW Vensys 77 systems) for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.goldwind最近击败了国内外众多竞争对手,赢得合同33个风力涡轮机(150兆瓦vensys77系统)争取到2008年奥运会在北京举行. The company operates plants in Xinjiang, Guangdong, Zhejiang and Hebei Provinces and is building plants in Beijing and Inner Mongolia.该公司工厂在新疆,广东,浙江,河北两省,是建设厂在北京和内蒙古. In February, Goldwind signed a six-year contract with LM Glasfiber (Lunderskov, Denmark) to supply blades for Vensys 70 and 77 turbines and develop blades for Goldwind’s next generation of 2-MW and larger turbines at LM’s factory in Tianjin.二月,goldwind签署了为期6年的合同,与glasfiber镑(伦讷斯考,丹麦),以供应刀片vensys70和77轮机和发展刀片goldwind的下一代2兆瓦和大型水轮机镑的工厂在天津举行.
Gaining ground on the leaders is Zhejiang Yunda Windey (Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province), which licensed 600-kW and 750-kW production technology, installation and after-sales service from REpower in 2002, earning a reported 1.4 percent share of the Chinese turbine market in 2005.抬头的领导人是浙江省云windey(浙江省杭州市)持牌600千瓦和750千瓦的生产工艺,安装和售后服务,从热力,2002年赚取报1.4%的份额,中国汽轮机市场,在2005年. While early models relied heavily on imported components, the company today claims 80 percent local content for its 750-kW unit and 100 percent localization of its 250-kW unit.而早期型号依赖进口组件,该公司今天声称80%当地含量为750千瓦机组和100%本地化,其250千瓦的机组. The company’s 20,000m2 (215,278-ft2) facility can produce 100 sets of each system annually.该公司的20,000平方米(215278-平方英尺)设施,可以生产100套系统每年一次. In December 2006, the company signed an agreement with Bristol, U.K.-based wind power consultancy Garrad Hassan to obtain engineering design and training support for the development of new 1.5-MW wind turbines.2006年12月,该公司签订了一项协议,布里斯托英国的风能顾问哈桑garrad取得工程设计和培训服务,协助开发新的1.5兆瓦风力轮机. Also, the state-owned China Energy Conservation Investment Corp. (CECIC, Beijing), recently bought a 47.5 percent stake in the company.同时,国有的中国节能投资公司(独资,北京),最近购买了47.5%股份. CECIC ’s wholly owned subsidiary, Beijing Guotou Energy Conservation Co. (Beijing), is developing the Zhangbei Manjing I wind farm in Hebei Province (planned for 45 MW to 1 GW of capacity) and also operates the 45-MW TuoLi project in Xinjiang, which is slated for an additional 55 MW of development.独资的全资子公司,北京崔武节约能源有限公司(北京)正在研制张蔓菁我风力农场河北省(计划为45兆瓦增至1兆瓦的发电能力)并设有45兆瓦托里项目,在新疆,这是友谊赛,增加55兆瓦的发展. Zhejiang Yunda Windey is supplying turbines for both projects.浙江云windey供应涡轮两个项目.
各持牌香港中华厂商公用事业规模的风力涡轮机是两个进入国内风力发电市场提供1兆瓦或较大的涡轮机. In 2004, Dongfang Steam Turbine Works (DFSTW, Deyang, Sichuan Province) licensed REpower’s 1.5-MW turbine technology, producing turbines and installing four units in 2005.2004年,东方汽轮机厂(汽轮机,德阳四川省)牌热力的1.5兆瓦汽轮机技术,涡轮制造和安装4台机组在2005年.The REpower license was extended to permit local manufacture of the MD 77 1 .5-MW and MM 77 2 .0-MW units in 2006.热力的许可期限,准许本地制造的导弹防御771000.5-5兆瓦和77毫米2000.0-MW机组于2006年完成. DFSTW reportedly has annual production of 200 turbines (300 MW capacity).汽轮机报集团每年生产的200涡轮机(300兆瓦容量). In April, DFSTW contracted with Windtec, a wholly owned subsidiary of American Superconductor Corp. (AMSC, Westborough, Mass.) for Windtec-developed 2.5-MW systems.今年4月,汽轮机患windtec一家独资子公司美国超导体公司(蚊,westborough,麻州),为windtec研制2.5兆瓦的系统. DFSTW plans to begin production of the 2.5-MW systems by the end of 2009.汽轮机计划开始生产的2.5兆瓦的系统,到2009年底. In a 2006 news report, DFSTW , REpower and the Qingdao Municipality signed a memorandum of understanding to build one of the first offshore wind farms in China, a demonstration project of five 5-MW turbines.在2006年新闻报道,汽轮机,热力和青岛市政府签署了一份谅解备忘录,以建立第一个海上风力农场中国的一个示范项目55兆瓦的风力涡轮机.
Joint Ventures Spur Quick Development合资刺激快速发展
In December 2005, Nordex launched a joint venture with two companies in Ningxia Province to produce MW-class turbines.2005年12月推出nordex合资的两家公司,在宁夏省生产兆瓦级的风力涡轮机. Ningxia Electric Power Group and the Ningxia Tianjing Electric Energy Development Group will own 40 percent and 10 percent of the venture, respectively, while Nordex assumes the remaining 50 percent.宁夏电力集团,宁夏天京电能开发集团将分别拥有40%和10%合资,分别在nordex承担余下的50%. This was a strategic move because both Chinese companies are owners of the Helanshan wind farm, one of the largest wind projects in China with 110 MW of installed capacity and massive expansion expected.这是一项战略性举措,因为中国公司是业主的贺兰山风力发电场,其中一个最大的风能项目,在中国有110兆瓦装机容量的大规模扩张预期. Representing a total investment of $12 million, the JV, Nordex Wind Power Equipment Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (Yinchuan, Ningxia Province), produced its first 1.5-MW turbines in November 2006 for its first major order of more than 130 turbines or 200 MW.占总投资额1200万美元,合资,nordex风力发电设备制造有限公司(银川,宁夏省)产生了首批150兆瓦发电机组在2006年11月进行了首次重大秩序超过130水轮机或200兆瓦.
In 2001, Nordex also acquired a 66.67 percent stake in Qingdao Huawei Wind Power Co. Ltd. (Qingdao, Shandong Province) to develop the Qingdao wind farm for Qingdao-based Chinese partner Dongyi Industrial Corp. Twelve 1.3-MW turbines operate there.2001年nordex还获得了66.67%的股权华为青岛风力发电有限公司(青岛山东省)制定的青岛风力发电场,对青岛的中方合伙东夷工业股份有限公司12130兆瓦的发电机组经营.
Perhaps the most successful JV to date is Nantong CASC Wanyuan Acciona Wind Turbine Manufacture Co. Ltd. (NCWA, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province), created in 2005.也许最成功的合资企业,迄今为止南通集团公司婉媛acciona风力发电机制造有限公司(全国,江苏省南通市),于2005年设立. Formed between Acciona Energia (Sarriguren, Navarra, Spain) and CASC , a state-owned aerospace conglomerate that develops, manufactures and launches space system vehicles, Acciona has installed 3,674 MW of wind energy systems on 137 farms in nine countries and has ownership interest in 2,492 MW of these.之间形成accionaEnergia公司(sarriguren,纳瓦拉,西班牙)集团公司是一家国有航空集团的发展方向,制造和发射航天系统的车辆,acciona已安装的3,674兆瓦的风力发电系统,对137个农场,在九个国家和所有者权益2,492兆瓦. The company has three facilities that can produce up to 1,120 turbines annually.该公司有三个设施,可以产生高达1,120每年涡轮机.
Source: Shi Pengfei, China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group来源:施鹏飞,中国水电工程顾问集团
At the opening ceremony (top) for successful joint venture Nantong CASC Wanyuan Acciona Wind Turbine Manufacture Co. Ltd., the company’s AW-1500 1.5-MW turbine takes center stage.在开幕仪式上(顶)成功合资南通集团公司婉媛acciona风力发电机制造有限公司公司的仙-1500150兆瓦汽轮机采取中心舞台. In the bottom photo, the first turbine head built by DFSTW (Dongfang Steam Turbine Works) leaves the company’s factory.在底部图片,第一涡轮头建成汽轮机(东方汽轮机厂)叶公司的工厂.
Acciona and CASC each own 45 percent of NCWA , with the remaining 10 percent held by Hispano-Chinese marketing firm Inceisa.acciona集团公司各拥有45%的全国委员会在余下的10%由西班牙-中国销售公司inceisa. A relative newcomer to the industry, Acciona began production in 2004, manufacturing 576 units by year-end 2006, a three-year total it expects to match in 2007 alone.一个比较新的产业,acciona投产,2004年生产576个单位,2006年底,一项为期3年的总期望,以配合在2007年就有. The company has developed a 3-MW turbine that it hopes to put into production soon.该公司已开发了3兆瓦汽轮机,它希望投产快.
In 2006, NCWA opened a $31 million factory in Nantong — at 103,000m2 (more than 1.1 million ft2), it was then the largest of its kind in China — with an annual capacity of 400 units (600 MW).2006年,全国开设了310万美元的工厂在南通-103,000平方米(110多万平方英尺)这在当时全国最大的实物在中国年产400套(600兆瓦). The facility will manufacture AW-1500 1.5-MW turbines, with rotor blades as long as 40m/130 ft. A second phase is expected to increase capacity to 900 turbines per year.该设施将制造仙-15001.5兆瓦的风力涡轮机,转子叶片只要40m/130英尺第二阶段预计载客量增加至900元,轮机一年. Its first delivery was for 33 turbines modified for low-temperature operation that were installed in the 49.5-MW Zhangbei wind farm, developed by the China Guotou group in Hebei Province.第一次交货为33涡轮改装的低温运行,安装了49.5兆瓦的张北风力发电场,发达的中国崔武集团在河北. It also signed an agreement to supply 67 turbines between October 2006 and February 2007 for the 100.5-MW LongYuan Qidong farm for the China Longyuan Guodian Group in Jiangsu Province.此外,还签订了协议,以供应67涡轮之间2006年10月和2007年2月为100.5兆瓦龙源启东农场,为中国郭店龙源集团在江苏省.
In May 2006, LM Glasfiber announced it had completed a long-term supply agreement with NCWA in which LM will produce blades for NCWA ’s 1.5-MW turbines from LM’s factory in Tianjin.2006年5月,长征glasfiber宣布,它已完成一项长期供应协议,与全国其中镑将产生叶片为全国的1.5兆瓦的风力涡轮机,从镑的工厂在天津举行.
In addition to licensing agreements with domestic manufacturers, REpower established in 2006 a joint venture, REpower North, to produce its own turbines in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, a region that has 40 percent of China’s total wind resources (reportedly enough to provide 300,000 MW of power).除了许可协议,与国内厂商,热力于2006年设立的合资公司,热力北出示自己的涡轮机在内蒙古包头市,该地区有40个,占中国进出口总额的风力资源(据说足以提供300兆瓦的功率). Partners include state-owned steel and heavy construction equipment manufacturer North Heavy Industry Corp. (NHIC, Baotou, Inner Mongolia) and London, U.K.-based wind farm developer Honiton Energy Ltd., which had already committed 650 million yuan ($85.2 million) for wind farm developments in the region.合作伙伴包括国有钢铁和重型建筑设备制造商北方重工股份有限公司(nhic,包头,内蒙古),伦敦.英国的风力发电场头发展能源有限公司其中已承诺650亿元人民币(约85.2万美元),用于风电场地区的发展.
REpower North plans to install 100 MM70 and MM82 2 .0-MW turbines in 2008, manufactured mostly from Chinese-produced components.北热力计划安装100mm70mm82和2000.0兆瓦发电机组在2008年以前制造的大部分来自中国大陆生产的零件. The company also plans to double production capacity each year until 2010, with final capacity of 400 2-MW turbines per year, nearly half of which are destined for Inner Mongolia.该公司还计划增加一倍,生产能力每年直至2010年最终容量2400兆瓦的发电机组每一年中,有将近一半是运往内蒙古.
Foreign Companies Put Down Roots外国公司落地生根
The “local source” provision of China’s Renewable Energy Law has motivated most of the major foreign wind companies to build factories in China."当地源",提供中国可再生能源法已促使大部分的外国大公司风建设工厂在中国. For example, while Nordex considers its joint ventures as a good starting base for its efforts in China, it has realigned its activities to “intensify our local added value for larger machines,” according to Eberhard von Perfall, head of the Nordex Supervisory Board, by investing heavily in wholly owned production capacity.举例来说,虽然nordex认为,其合资企业是一个好的开始基地的努力中,它已重新调整其活动,以"加强我们的本地附加值较大的机,"根据干燥von佩法尔,团长的nordex监事会,在投入了大量的全资拥有的生产能力. In early 2005, Nordex opened a new 4,000m2 (43,055-ft2) blade production facility in Baoding (Hebei Province), where it is said to be producing 99 blades per year as well as other components for its N60 (60m/197-ft diameter) 1.3-MW turbines.2005年初,nordex开辟了新的4000平方米(43055-平方英尺)叶片生产设施,保定(河北),据说是生产叶片99元,以及其他部件的N60号(60m/197-ft直径)1.3兆瓦的风力涡轮机. In January, Nordex opened a new rotor blade factory in Dongying (Shandong Province).在一月,nordex开辟了新的转子叶片厂东营(山东省). Constructed in a record six months, the Nordex (Dongying) Wind Power Equipment Manufacturing Co. facility represents a ?20 million ($26.8 million USD ) investment.兴建创下六个月该nordex(东营)风力发电设备制造有限公司设施是一个欧元,20万美元(26.8万美元)的投资. The company plans to use its initial production area of 8,400m2 (90,417 ft2) to build blades this year for 1.5-MW turbines produced at its Ningxia facility, eventually ramping up to 800 blades (400 MW) annually.该公司计划利用其初始生产面积8400平方米(90417平方英尺)建立叶片今年1.5万兆瓦涡轮产生了宁夏设施,最终升温到800叶片(400兆瓦)左右. Nordex is planning additional production sites in China to satisfy strong local demand.nordex是规划新增生产基地在中国,以满足强劲的本地需求.
Source: Shi Pengfei, China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group来源:施鹏飞,中国水电工程顾问集团
In 2005, Vestas AG (Randers, Denmark) opened a new $30 million plant in China’s Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA) to produce 39m/128-ft blades for its V80 2 -MW turbines.2005年,毛银(人为环境丹麦),开辟了新的价值30万元的厂房在中国天津经济技术开发区(泰达)出示39m/128-ft刀片其v802兆瓦的风力涡轮机. A wind power leader with 25 to 28 percent of worldwide turbine sales, Vestas built the world’s first offshore wind farm in Europe and was reported to own 38 percent of China’s wind turbine market in 2005.风力领导人,1925年至1928年占全球汽轮机销售火柴建成了世界上第一个海上风力发电场,在欧洲,据报道,拥有38%的中国风汽轮机市场,在2005年完成. It got a head start when it merged with Randers-based NEG Micon in 2003, which had already earned a 29 percent share of the Chinese market.喝到头开始时,合并调查此事为本45-49微米,2003年已经赚了29%份额的中国市场. By the end of 2006, Vestas had 666 installed turbines in China.到2006年底,火柴已安装666个涡轮机中.
The Vestas factory is expanding.火柴的工厂正在扩大. Capacity will increase from 600 to 1200 blades by mid-2007 — an annual installed capacity of 800 MW.装机容量将增加至600至1200刀片中旬2007年装机容量为800兆瓦. With 285 employees in Tianjin at the end of 2006, Vestas announced that it also will establish a $23 million plant for the as-sembly of glass/polyester nacelles and cast iron hubs at the TEDA complex, with an annual capacity of 350 nacelles and hub assemblies.285名雇员,在天津举行的2006年年底,火柴也宣布将建立一个耗资2300万厂,作为库塞玻璃纤维/聚酯和舱内铸铁集线器在泰达复杂的,具有年产350舱内和毂组件.
Spain’s largest wind power producer, Gamesa Eólica, is part of the Spanish Gamesa group, which also owns wind farm developer Gamesa Energia, a partner in delivering turnkey projects, including complete wind farms.西班牙最大的风力发电公司,艾维斯eólica,属于西班牙艾维斯集团其中还拥有风力农场的发展艾维斯Energia公司,合作伙伴提供交钥匙工程,其中包括完整的风力发电场. In 2003, Gamesa Eólica acquired Spanish wind turbine manufacturer MADE Energias Renovables SA (Madrid), from Spanish utility Endesa, increasing its global market share to 15 percent and gaining good growth potential from Endesa’s large wind farm project pipeline.2003年,艾维斯eólica收购西班牙风力涡轮机制造商作出energiasrenovables飒(马德里),从西班牙ENDESA的事业,增加其全球市场份额为15%左右,取得良好的增长潜力,从Endesa公司的大型风力发电场工程管线. Gamesa offers 850-kW and 2.0-MW turbines.艾维斯提供850千瓦至2.0兆瓦的风力涡轮机.
Gamesa began commercial activity in China in 1997.艾维斯开始商业活动,1997年中国. By 2005, it became the second largest foreign turbine manufacturer controlling 36 percent of the Chinese market, according to BTM Consult (Ringk?bing, Denmark).到2005年,它成为第二大外国涡轮制造商控制了36%的中国市场,据210.200.105.226询(灵克宾,丹麦). Gamesa Energia began wind farm development in China in 2005 and amassed projects in nine Chinese provinces by 2006.艾维斯Energia公司开始风力农场的发展,中国在2005年和积累项目在中国9个省的2006年. Gamesa Eólica commissioned its first factory in China in 2006, a 41,644m2 (448,252-ft2) plant at Huayuan Technology Park in Tianjin, slated to produce 400 MW of its G5X 850 -kW turbines each year.艾维斯eólica委托其首次在中国设厂,在2006年一个41644平方米(448252-平方英尺)的工厂在华苑科技园区,在天津,预定产生400兆瓦的g5x850千瓦的发电机组,每年. A second plant at the same site manufactures blades for its G5X wind turbines.第二个厂在同一地点制成品刀片其g5x风力涡轮机. This wholly owned subsidiary, Gamesa Wind Tianjin, claimed to have 1,200 MW of wind capacity on its order books by September 2006, including the largest single order ever awarded in China: 601 wind turbines (worth ?240 million or about $320 million) for Longyuan Electric Power Group wind farms, with a total capacity of 510 MW.这个全资附属公司,艾维斯风天津声称拥有1200兆瓦的风力发电能力的书籍,以便在2006年9月包括最大的单一秩序不断批中国:601风力涡轮机(价值2.4亿欧元,约合320万美元)用于龙源电力集团风力发电与总容量达510兆瓦.
Having established a small foothold in the Chinese turbine market in 2005, GE Wind Energy (Tehachapi, Calif.) opened its first wind turbine assembly plant in 2006, in Shenyang (Liaoning Province), next to two other GE facilities.已设立了一个小型的立足点在中国汽轮机市场,在2005年,葛风能(tehachapi,加利福尼亚州)开设其第一个风力涡轮机装配厂于2006年在沈阳(辽宁省)旁边两个葛其他设施. One of the latter, the GE Energy (Shenyang) Co. Ltd. facility, a wholly owned subsidiary, will produce 1.5-MW turbines.后者之一,葛能源(沉阳)有限公司设施,一间全资附属公司,将生产1.5兆瓦的风力涡轮机. GE’s installed base includes 30 turbines with 77m/253-ft-long blades (the longest in China at the time of manufacture) in the Zhangbei Guotou Wind Power Plant (Hebei Province, northwest of Beijing).GE公司安装基地将建30个涡轮叶片77m/253-ft-long(最长当时中国制造)的崔武张北风力发电场(河北省京西北). This project could field as many as 1,000 turbines on a series of new wind farms by 2010.这一项目可以实地多达1000轮机一系列新的风力农场,2010年完成. GE also installed 67 1.5-MW units in 2006 for the Jiangsu Rudong Concession II Wind Project in Shenyang.葛振峰还安装了67个1.5兆瓦发电机组在2006年为江苏省如东县优惠二风能项目在沈阳. The remaining 33 units for the 150-MW wind farm were to be installed this year.其余33个单位为150兆瓦的风力发电场分别被安装在今年.
suzlon(Pune,印度),排名第六,在全世界风力发电生产开辟了80万(美元)的工厂,在中国东部的港口城市天津今年早些时候. The 250,000m2 (2,690,977-ft2) plant — Suzlon’s and China’s largest wind turbine plant to date — will fabricate generators and integrate rotor blades, nacelles and control panels, with an annual capacity of 600 MW to 800 MW.250,000平方米(2,690,977-平方英尺)植物suzlon和中国最大的风力发电厂日期将编造发电机和整合转子叶片,舱内及控制屏,年产600兆瓦提升至800兆瓦. Suzlon plans eventually to erect six more plants, a maintenance center and a technology center.suzlon计划最终安装6个厂,一个维修中心和技术中心.
Home-Grown Technology首页-种植技术
While the market seems large enough to accommodate foreign and domestic producers, wind farm developers (ac-cording to current estimates) can acquire a domestically produced turbine for two-thirds the cost of a foreign equivalent.虽然市场似乎足以容纳外国和国内生产者,风电场开发商(交流,并根据目前的估计)购买国产汽轮机三分之二的费用外当量. Because turbines comprise 60 to 70 percent of the overall wind farm development expense, Chinese wind farm developers likely will push for increased domestic production, and Chinese equipment manufacturers will continue their drive to acquire the expertise to build complete wind turbines locally.由于涡轮由60%到70%的整体风电场的开发费用,中国风电场开发商可能会推动国内生产增加中国设备制造商将继续他们的活动,获取知识,以建立完整的风轮机在当地. Therefore, new companies are entering the market, often from related industries, and industry analysts believe this will continue — a phenomenon that eventually will reduce wind turbine prices not only in China but worldwide.因此,新公司进入市场,往往是从相关行业,工业分析家相信这会继续下去这种现象最终会降低风力发电的价格,不仅在中国,而且在全世界.
Source: Shi Pengfei , China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group来源:施鹏飞,中国水电工程顾问集团
The rotor blade assembly for a Goldwind 77 1.5-MW wind turbine is hoisted into position for final assembly.转子叶片大会作goldwind771.5兆瓦的风力涡轮是悬挂成位置进行最后组装. Goldwind is the oldest, largest and most experienced Chinese turbine manufacturer.goldwind是历史最悠久,团员最多和最有经验的中国水轮机制造商.
Among the newcomers is Harbin Hafei-Winwind Wind Power Equipment Co. Ltd. (Harbin, Heilongjiang Province), a 2004 startup that completed testing of a 1.2-MW turbine design in early 2006 with production to start by year’s end.其中新人,是哈尔滨哈飞-winwind风力发电设备有限公司(哈尔滨市,黑龙江省)2004年启动,测试完成了1.2兆瓦汽轮机设计于2006年初与生产开始由去年的结束. Formed in 2004, the company says its new turbine was developed independently from its own design and intellectual property — a first for a domestic Chinese manufacturer.成立于2004年,该公司说,它的新涡轮机是自主开发的,由自己设计及保护知识产权的一中国国内厂商. It is a joint venture between Winwind (Oulu, Finland) and Harbin Hafei Mechanical & Electrical Products Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (a subsidiary of Harbin Power Equipment Group, one of the largest producers of electrical generators in China).它是一个合营企业之间winwind(奥卢芬兰),哈尔滨哈飞机电产品制造有限公司(子公司哈尔滨动力设备集团最大生产国之一的发电机在中国). Shanghai Electric Group Corp. (SEC, Shanghai) — China’s largest producer of electrical equipment — has established a branch institute in Shanghai Dianji University, targeting R&D for Shanghai-made turbines.上海电气集团股份有限公司(秒,上海)-中国最大的生产电力设备,已经设立了一个分院,在上海电机学院,针对研发沪产发电机组. Although SEC currently manufactures 1-MW wind turbine generators, a company official revealed that “SEC intends to develop a ‘Shanghai home-grown technique’ to produce 2-MW turbine generators.” Reportedly, SEC will cooperate with three local universities in research on the project and will apply the technology to wind farms in Shanghai’s Nanhui and Chongming Districts.虽然证交会制成品,目前1兆瓦的风力发电机,公司官员透露,"证交会打算建立一个'上海土生土长技术'来产生2兆瓦的涡轮发电机."据报道,证交会将与三所大学的研究项目和适用技术的风力农场,在上海的南汇和崇明地区.
Chinese Wind Blade Manufacturers中国风叶片制造
Wind blades consume the bulk of the composites in a turbine, although most manufacturers use fiberglass/polyester nacelles to house the turbine drivetrain.风叶片消耗了大部分的复合涡轮,虽然大多数厂家使用的玻璃纤维/聚酯舱内容纳涡轮传动. Because blade construction tends to be the most labor-intensive portion of turbine manufacture, turbine producers have made local blade factories a priority — Vestas, for example, opened its blade plant prior to its turbine assembly facility.因为推土施工往往是最劳动密集型部分汽轮机制造,汽轮机生产已使当地刀片厂优先火柴,例如开放其刀片厂之前,其汽轮机装配设施. Domestic wind blade manufacturers are starting to multiply as well.国内风力叶片制造商开始繁殖等.
Zhonghang (Baoding) Huiteng Windpower Equipment Co. Ltd. (HT Blade), is a U.S.-China cooperative enterprise established in 2001 and owned by Tang Energy Group Ltd. (Dallas, Texas), Baoding Huiyang Aviation Propeller Factory, and China Aviation Gas-Turbine Power (Group) Corp. HT Blade has acquired a majority share of the Chinese-made blade and nacelle cover market.陈忠(保定)辉腾风能设备有限公司(高温叶片),是一个中美合作企业成立于2001年,拥有唐能源集团有限公司(得克萨斯州达拉斯)保定惠阳航空螺旋桨制造厂中国航空燃气涡轮电力(集团)股份有限公司羟叶片获得了大部分份额的国产刀片和吊篮复盖市场. It is now preparing to export blades.现在正准备出口的叶片. The company began commercial production with 600-kW wind turbine blades in 2001 and in 2005, began producing larger blades in line with the Chinese market trend toward higher-rated, more efficient turbines.该公司开始商业化生产600千瓦风力机叶片在2001年和2005年开始产生较大的叶片符合中国市场的趋势,高的,更有效的涡轮. HT Blade now is developing blades for turbines as large as 3.0 MW.羟刀片,现在正在制定叶片涡轮多达3.0兆瓦. HT Blade’s annual production capacity is 400 sets of 600-kW blades, 1000 sets of 750-kW blades and 200 to 500 sets of MW-series blades.高温叶片的年生产能力为400套,600千瓦叶片1000套750千瓦的叶片和200至500套兆瓦系列刀片.
Big Land, Big Opportunities大土地,大机遇
The Chinese wind energy market has composite materials suppliers busy positioning products for wind blade applications.中国风能市场的复合材料供应商忙碌产品定位风力叶片的申请. Huntsman Advanced Materials (Schaffhausen, Switzerland and Woodlands, Texas), for example, makes epoxy resins specifically for wind blade production.亨斯迈先进材料(Schaffhausen,瑞士和林地,德州),例如,环氧树脂,专供风叶片生产. Chambery, France-based Saint-Gobain Vetrotex has established an Asia-Pacific office in Shanghai to promote its continuous glass fiber fabrics for wind blade production, while Toledo, Ohio-based Owens Corning has developed new Windstrand glass fiber specifically for the same application.贝里,法国的圣戈班集团vetrotex设立了亚太区办事处,在上海,以促进其连续玻璃纤维织物风叶片生产,而托莱多,俄亥俄州的欧文斯科宁已经制订了新windstrand玻纤专门为同一申请. Closer to home, CPIC /Fiberglass (Chongqing, China) markets domestic E-glass and E-CR glass to local wind blade factories.接近家中,安全措施/玻璃纤维(中国重庆)国内市场无碱玻璃和电子玻璃铬当地风力叶片厂. Gurit (Wattwil, Switzerland) established a distribution base in Tianjin after it acquired SP Systems three years ago.gurit(瓦特维尔,瑞士)建立了基地分布在天津后,它获得SP方程三年前. Gurit’s Wind Energy Business Unit accounted for 50 percent of the company’s 2006 sales and, according to the firm, a 15 percent share of the overall composites market in wind energy.gurit风能业务单位占50%,该公司的2006年的销售,据该律师事务所,15%左右的份额,整体市场的复合材料在风力能源. Gurit supplies epoxy gel coats, adhesives, laminating and infusion resins, glass and carbon prepregs and Corecell foam.gurit用品环氧胶衣,胶粘剂,层压及输液树脂,玻璃和碳预浸corecell和泡沫. Carbon fiber, a key component of spars used in some of the longer blades for multimegawatt turbines, is making inroads in China, although more slowly than in the West.碳纤维的一个关键组成部分,利用浮台,在一些较长的叶片多兆瓦涡轮机,正在进展中,虽然越来越慢,在西方落下. Two key carbon suppliers in that push are Toray Industries (Tokyo, Japan) and St. Louis, Mo.-based Zoltek Inc. The use of carbon and prospects for its growth in wind blade construction are discussed in HPC ’s “Carbon in the Wind” feature, which begins on p.两个关键炭供应,是推动东丽工业(日本东京)和圣路易斯2007型丙烯腈股份有限公司使用碳和前景,其生长在风推土施工讨论高性能的"碳风"的专题,展开页 40.40.
What’s become abundantly clear is that the Chinese market for composites in wind energy systems is in the midst of rapid growth and expansion that will merit this industry’s close scrutiny in the years to come.什么是显而易见的是,中国市场对复合材料在风力发电系统正处于迅速增长和扩大,这值得业界的瞩目,在未来的岁月.
